Added sugars- These sugars, syrups, and other caloric sweeteners are added when foods are processed or prepared. Added sugars do not include sugars that occur naturally, like fructose in fruit or lactose in milk. Names for added sugars include brown sugar, cane sugar, corn sugar, corn sweetener, corn syrup, dextrose, fructose (when not naturally occurring), fruit juice concentrates, glucose, high-fructose corn syrup, honey, invert sugar, lactose (when not in milk or dairy products), maltose, malt syrup, molasses, raw sugar, sucrose, and turbinado sugar.
Additive – something that does not occur naturally in a food; something added often a preservative or coloring
Aerobic physical activity- Aerobic (or endurance) physical activities use large muscle groups (back, chest, and legs) to increase heart rate and breathing for an extended period of time. Examples include bicycling, brisk walking, running, and swimming. Federal guidelines recommend that adults get 150 to 300 minutes of aerobic activity a week
Appetite – a desire for food Balanced Diet – enough, but not too much, of the right kinds of food
Balanced Diet – enough, but not too much, of the right kinds of food
BMI See body mass index.Body mass index (BMI) BMI is a measure of body weight relative to height. The BMI tool uses a formula that produces a score often used to determine if a person is underweight, at a normal weight, overweight, or obese. For adults, a BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered healthy (or "normal"). A person with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, and a person with a BMI of 30 or more is considered obese.Calorie – a unit used to measure the energy or heat food supplies to the bodyCarbohydrates – nutrients that supply energy and help the body use other nutrients; found in cereals, breads, grains Cholesterol – a type of fat produced in the body; too much can block arteries and lead to heart attack or stroke
Complex Carbohydrates – contained in foods such as beans, peas, nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables, and whole grain breads and cereals
Diabetes -A person with this disease has blood glucose, or sugar, levels that are above normal levels. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. Diabetes occurs when the body does not make enough insulin or does not use the insulin it makes. Over time, having too much sugar in your blood may cause serious problems. It may damage your eyes, kidneys, and nerves, and may cause heart disease and stroke. Regular physical activity, weight control, and healthy eating may help you control your diabetes. You should also follow your health care provider's advice and, when asked to, monitor your blood sugar level and take prescribed medication.
Diet – a regulated selection of food and drink chosen for reason of health or weight control
Digestion – process by which nutrients are changed chemically in the stomach and intestines into a form that can be absorbed into and used by the body
Energy - the capacity for doing work or supplying power
Exercise A type of physical activity that is planned and structured. Exercise is done on purpose to improve or maintain health, physical fitness, and/or physical performance
Fat - nutrient needed to supply stored energy; found in oils, butter, lard; the most calorically dense nutrient; provides body insulation
Fiber -part of grains and plant foods that cannot be digested
Food - a nutrient source for both humans and animals
Glucose -Glucose is a major source of energy for our bodies and a building block for many carbohydrates [see definition]. The food digestion process breaks down carbohydrates in foods and drinks into glucose. After digestion, glucose is carried in the blood and goes to body cells where it is used for energy or stored
Heart Disease -Many different types of heart disease exist. The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart. This is called coronary artery disease and happens slowly over time. It's the major reason people have heart attacks. Other kinds of heart problems may happen to the valves in the heart, or the heart may not pump well and cause heart failure.
High blood pressure -Your blood pressure rises and falls throughout the day. An optimal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg. When blood pressure stays high—greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg—you have high blood pressure, also called "hypertension." With high blood pressure, the heart works harder, your arteries take a beating, and your chances of a stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems are greater. Uncontrolled high blood pressure may lead to blindness, heart attacks, heart failure, kidney disease, and stroke. Prehypertension is blood pressure between 120 and 139 for the top number, or between 80 and 89 for the bottom number. If your blood pressure is in the prehypertension range, you may be at risk for high blood pressure unless you take action to prevent it.
Metabolism -The process that occurs in the body to turn the food you eat into energy your body can use.
Minerals - nutrients that help build body structure and regulate many processes in the body; examples calcium, iron
Nutrient –the part of a food that is used by our bodies; examples; protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
Obesity – excess body fat
Physical activity- Any form of exercise or movement. Physical activity may include planned activities such as walking, running, strength training, basketball, or other sports. Physical activity may also include daily activities such as mowing the lawn, washing the car, taking the stairs instead of the elevator, and walking the dog. Federal guidelines on physical activity recommend that adults get at least 150 minutes (30 minutes a day, 5 days a week) of moderate-intensity physical activity for general health benefits. Adults who wish to lose weight or maintain weight loss may need more physical activity, such as 300 minutes (60 minutes a day, 5 days a week). Children should get at least 60 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity daily.
Protein – the nutrient that builds and repairs body cells; helps form antibodies to fight infection
Saturated fats – tend to raise cholesterol levels; found in most animal products such as meats, butter, cheese, and some processed products such as margarine and mayonnaise
Serving Size- A standard amount of a food, such as a cup or an ounce.
Simple Carbohydrates – sugars, such as those in candy bars, which provide calories but few nutrients
Stroke- A stroke occurs when blood flow to your brain stops. Within minutes, brain cells begin to die. There are two kinds of stroke. The more common kind, called ischemic stroke, is caused by a blood clot that blocks or plugs a blood vessel in the brain. The other kind, called hemorrhagic stroke, is caused by a blood vessel that breaks and bleeds into the brain. "Mini-strokes," or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), occur when the blood supply to the brain is stopped for a short time.
Sugar - a simple carbohydrate found in foods like candy, soft drinks, sugar-coated cereals, cookies and ice cream; also called fructose, sucrose, dextrose, maltose, lactose Salt - a mineral used to season
Salt - a mineral used to season food; should be used in moderation
Type 1 diabetes -Type 1 diabetes is thought to be an autoimmune disorder that attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. (An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system, which usually helps the body fight diseases, turns against its own tissue.) Type 1 diabetes was known as "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus," or "juvenile diabetes." Without insulin, the body is not able to use blood sugar (glucose) for energy. To treat the disease, a person must inject insulin, exercise daily, and test blood sugar several times a day.
Type 2 diabetes -People with type 2 diabetes produce insulin, but either do not make enough insulin or their bodies do not efficiently use the insulin they make. People with type 2 diabetes may be able to control their condition by losing weight through diet and exercise. They may also need to inject insulin or take medicine along with continuing to follow a healthy eating pattern and being physically active on a regular basis. Type 2 diabetes was known as "non-insulin diabetes" or "adult-onset diabetes" and is the most common form of diabetes. Children and adolescents who are overweight may also be at risk to develop type 2 diabetes
Unsaturated fat (un-SATCH-er-ay-ted) Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. Vegetable oils are a major source of unsaturated fat in the diet. Unsaturated fats include polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats. Other foods, such as avocados, fatty fish like salmon and tuna, most nuts, and olives are good sources of unsaturated fat
Vitamins - nutrients that are essential for body growth, resisting infection, and keeping the body function properly; examples are vitamin A,C,D, Niacin
Waist circumference- Excess fat around the waist and a larger waist size increase the risk of health problems linked to obesity. Women with a waist size of more than 35 inches or men with a waist size of more than 40 inches have a higher risk of developing health problems linked to obesity, such as diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure.
Water - not a nutrient, but you can’t live without it; needed to transport materials through the body, helps muscles move, keeps body tissues from sticking together and keeps the body cool
Weight control This refers to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight with healthy eating and physical activity
Whole grains Grains and grain products made from the entire grain seed, usually called the kernel, which consists of the bran, endosperm, and/or germ. If the kernel has been cracked, crushed, or flaked, it must retain nearly the same relative proportions of bran, endosperm, and germ as the original grain in order to be called whole grain. Many, but not all, whole grains are also a source of dietary fiber.
Whole wheat grains Grains and grain products made from the entire wheat kernel
Additive – something that does not occur naturally in a food; something added often a preservative or coloring
Aerobic physical activity- Aerobic (or endurance) physical activities use large muscle groups (back, chest, and legs) to increase heart rate and breathing for an extended period of time. Examples include bicycling, brisk walking, running, and swimming. Federal guidelines recommend that adults get 150 to 300 minutes of aerobic activity a week
Appetite – a desire for food Balanced Diet – enough, but not too much, of the right kinds of food
Balanced Diet – enough, but not too much, of the right kinds of food
BMI See body mass index.Body mass index (BMI) BMI is a measure of body weight relative to height. The BMI tool uses a formula that produces a score often used to determine if a person is underweight, at a normal weight, overweight, or obese. For adults, a BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is considered healthy (or "normal"). A person with a BMI of 25 to 29.9 is considered overweight, and a person with a BMI of 30 or more is considered obese.Calorie – a unit used to measure the energy or heat food supplies to the bodyCarbohydrates – nutrients that supply energy and help the body use other nutrients; found in cereals, breads, grains Cholesterol – a type of fat produced in the body; too much can block arteries and lead to heart attack or stroke
Complex Carbohydrates – contained in foods such as beans, peas, nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables, and whole grain breads and cereals
Diabetes -A person with this disease has blood glucose, or sugar, levels that are above normal levels. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that helps the glucose get into your cells to give them energy. Diabetes occurs when the body does not make enough insulin or does not use the insulin it makes. Over time, having too much sugar in your blood may cause serious problems. It may damage your eyes, kidneys, and nerves, and may cause heart disease and stroke. Regular physical activity, weight control, and healthy eating may help you control your diabetes. You should also follow your health care provider's advice and, when asked to, monitor your blood sugar level and take prescribed medication.
Diet – a regulated selection of food and drink chosen for reason of health or weight control
Digestion – process by which nutrients are changed chemically in the stomach and intestines into a form that can be absorbed into and used by the body
Energy - the capacity for doing work or supplying power
Exercise A type of physical activity that is planned and structured. Exercise is done on purpose to improve or maintain health, physical fitness, and/or physical performance
Fat - nutrient needed to supply stored energy; found in oils, butter, lard; the most calorically dense nutrient; provides body insulation
Fiber -part of grains and plant foods that cannot be digested
Food - a nutrient source for both humans and animals
Glucose -Glucose is a major source of energy for our bodies and a building block for many carbohydrates [see definition]. The food digestion process breaks down carbohydrates in foods and drinks into glucose. After digestion, glucose is carried in the blood and goes to body cells where it is used for energy or stored
Heart Disease -Many different types of heart disease exist. The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart. This is called coronary artery disease and happens slowly over time. It's the major reason people have heart attacks. Other kinds of heart problems may happen to the valves in the heart, or the heart may not pump well and cause heart failure.
High blood pressure -Your blood pressure rises and falls throughout the day. An optimal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mmHg. When blood pressure stays high—greater than or equal to 140/90 mmHg—you have high blood pressure, also called "hypertension." With high blood pressure, the heart works harder, your arteries take a beating, and your chances of a stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems are greater. Uncontrolled high blood pressure may lead to blindness, heart attacks, heart failure, kidney disease, and stroke. Prehypertension is blood pressure between 120 and 139 for the top number, or between 80 and 89 for the bottom number. If your blood pressure is in the prehypertension range, you may be at risk for high blood pressure unless you take action to prevent it.
Metabolism -The process that occurs in the body to turn the food you eat into energy your body can use.
Minerals - nutrients that help build body structure and regulate many processes in the body; examples calcium, iron
Nutrient –the part of a food that is used by our bodies; examples; protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
Obesity – excess body fat
Physical activity- Any form of exercise or movement. Physical activity may include planned activities such as walking, running, strength training, basketball, or other sports. Physical activity may also include daily activities such as mowing the lawn, washing the car, taking the stairs instead of the elevator, and walking the dog. Federal guidelines on physical activity recommend that adults get at least 150 minutes (30 minutes a day, 5 days a week) of moderate-intensity physical activity for general health benefits. Adults who wish to lose weight or maintain weight loss may need more physical activity, such as 300 minutes (60 minutes a day, 5 days a week). Children should get at least 60 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity daily.
Protein – the nutrient that builds and repairs body cells; helps form antibodies to fight infection
Saturated fats – tend to raise cholesterol levels; found in most animal products such as meats, butter, cheese, and some processed products such as margarine and mayonnaise
Serving Size- A standard amount of a food, such as a cup or an ounce.
Simple Carbohydrates – sugars, such as those in candy bars, which provide calories but few nutrients
Stroke- A stroke occurs when blood flow to your brain stops. Within minutes, brain cells begin to die. There are two kinds of stroke. The more common kind, called ischemic stroke, is caused by a blood clot that blocks or plugs a blood vessel in the brain. The other kind, called hemorrhagic stroke, is caused by a blood vessel that breaks and bleeds into the brain. "Mini-strokes," or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), occur when the blood supply to the brain is stopped for a short time.
Sugar - a simple carbohydrate found in foods like candy, soft drinks, sugar-coated cereals, cookies and ice cream; also called fructose, sucrose, dextrose, maltose, lactose Salt - a mineral used to season
Salt - a mineral used to season food; should be used in moderation
Type 1 diabetes -Type 1 diabetes is thought to be an autoimmune disorder that attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. (An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system, which usually helps the body fight diseases, turns against its own tissue.) Type 1 diabetes was known as "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus," or "juvenile diabetes." Without insulin, the body is not able to use blood sugar (glucose) for energy. To treat the disease, a person must inject insulin, exercise daily, and test blood sugar several times a day.
Type 2 diabetes -People with type 2 diabetes produce insulin, but either do not make enough insulin or their bodies do not efficiently use the insulin they make. People with type 2 diabetes may be able to control their condition by losing weight through diet and exercise. They may also need to inject insulin or take medicine along with continuing to follow a healthy eating pattern and being physically active on a regular basis. Type 2 diabetes was known as "non-insulin diabetes" or "adult-onset diabetes" and is the most common form of diabetes. Children and adolescents who are overweight may also be at risk to develop type 2 diabetes
Unsaturated fat (un-SATCH-er-ay-ted) Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature. Vegetable oils are a major source of unsaturated fat in the diet. Unsaturated fats include polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats. Other foods, such as avocados, fatty fish like salmon and tuna, most nuts, and olives are good sources of unsaturated fat
Vitamins - nutrients that are essential for body growth, resisting infection, and keeping the body function properly; examples are vitamin A,C,D, Niacin
Waist circumference- Excess fat around the waist and a larger waist size increase the risk of health problems linked to obesity. Women with a waist size of more than 35 inches or men with a waist size of more than 40 inches have a higher risk of developing health problems linked to obesity, such as diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure.
Water - not a nutrient, but you can’t live without it; needed to transport materials through the body, helps muscles move, keeps body tissues from sticking together and keeps the body cool
Weight control This refers to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight with healthy eating and physical activity
Whole grains Grains and grain products made from the entire grain seed, usually called the kernel, which consists of the bran, endosperm, and/or germ. If the kernel has been cracked, crushed, or flaked, it must retain nearly the same relative proportions of bran, endosperm, and germ as the original grain in order to be called whole grain. Many, but not all, whole grains are also a source of dietary fiber.
Whole wheat grains Grains and grain products made from the entire wheat kernel